Max Damage (PSR Supplement)
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Sometimes damage can be "maximized" or an effect can deal "max" damage. A critical hit for example causes your damage roll to be maximized. When damage is maxed, the creature always takes the maximum possible damage roll. For example 1d8 damage is simply treated as 8, before any modifiers.
For complex damage rolls, a simple trick is to multiply the number before and after the "d". Maximized 8d6 for example is 8 x 6 = 48.
If an effect deals damage to more than one target, you still roll the damage once. If one of the damaged creatures takes max damage, only that creature takes the maximized damage. All other creatures still take the normal damage roll.